Some people are able to understand words or phrases without reading lips and are able to use a telephone for simple conversations with people they know.įinally, some people are able to understand almost everything without reading lips, but this occurs more rarely. If you wear a conventional hearing aid on your other ear, we may recommend that you not wear it for a certain period of time until you have adjusted to your implant. With an effective follow-up program, a period of rehabilitation, and full-time use of the processor, patients are gradually able to understand speech. Most patients can hear speech but it generally takes some time for them to start to understand sounds (especially children). It’s impossible to predict how someone will perceive speech after receiving a cochlear implant. Most can also recognize a word or phrase from among a limited selection of words or phrases. Most can also distinguish between high- and low-pitched sounds and recognize some everyday sounds in the environment, such as a doorbell, car horn, or ringing telephone. Everyone with a cochlear implant can hear sounds and distinguish between sounds that are short or long, loud or quiet. The information flow from a cochlear implant complements the visual information received from lipreading, and this helps achieve better communication. Generally, when we determine that a hearing impaired person is a candidate to receive a cochlear implant, it’s because the odds are good that the person will hear better with the implant. Although we can fine tune how your implant is programmed, we have no control over how your auditory nerve, central auditory pathway, or auditory cortical region work, and these all play a key role in the quality of the sound that you perceive. It is impossible to predict how you will hear. The results vary greatly from one person to another, and an implant can never generate normal hearing. How good are the results with an implant? The electrodes stimulate the auditory nerve, which sends the information to the brain. The electric impulses are transmitted to the electrodes. They are then transformed into electric impulses. The encoded sounds are transmitted to the internal part. The microphone captures sounds from the environment. This photo courtesy of Cochlear™ Americas, © 2009 Cochlear Americas. The internal part and external part are essential to the implant’s operation. The external part consists of a processor connected to an antenna, which has a magnet that keeps it in place next to the internal part so that contact can be maintained. The internal part is inserted under the skin behind the ear during surgery under general anesthetic. It consists of an internal part and external part. Large parts of frontal and parietal cortex receive auditory signals originating in auditory cortex, forming processing streams for auditory object recognition and auditory-motor control, before being channeled into other parts of the brain for comprehension and enjoyment.A cochlear implant is an electronic device that allows people with profound deafness to access sound more effectively. Whether it is the recognition of one’s mother’s voice, listening to Pavarotti singing or Yo-Yo Ma playing the cello, hearing or reading Shakespeare’s sonnets, it will evoke electrical vibrations in the auditory cortex, but it does not end there. During the evolution of these abilities in higher vertebrates, especially birds and mammals, the cortex played a crucial role, so a great deal of what is referred to as central auditory processing happens there. Human speech and the appreciation of music can hardly be imagined without a complex cortical network of specialized regions, each contributing different aspects of auditory cognitive abilities. Although auditory brainstem mechanisms are an important part of central auditory processing, it is the processing taking place in the cerebral cortex (with the thalamus as the mediator), which enables auditory perception and cognition. The inner ear transforms mechanical vibrations into electrical signals then the auditory nerve sends these signals into the brainstem, where intricate preprocessing occurs. Most of what is used for hearing is inside the head, particularly in the brain. Its shape and size vary among people, but it does not tell us much about a person’s abilities to hear (except perhaps their ability to localize sounds in space, where the shape of the auricle plays a certain role). When one talks about hearing, some may first imagine the auricle (or external ear), which is the only visible part of the auditory system in humans and other mammals.
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